Вопросы по дисциплине:
Межкультурное взаимодействие
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| № | Вопрос | Действия |
|---|---|---|
| 71 | Read the text and complete the gaps in the sentences with the words from the text. The Irish Travellers are the largest minority in Ireland. There are about 25,000 Irish Travellers in Ireland and 1,300 in Northern Ireland. They are a little understood nomadic community, who have many difficulties to overcome if they are to survive as a culture and gain acceptance into Irish society. Among the challenges facing them are poverty and racism. The Irish Travellers are a distinct ethnic group which has existed for centuries. Often they are mistakenly considered part of the nomadic Romani, an ethnic group which originated in the region of India and is now widespread throughout Europe. But the Irish Travellers are indigenous to Ireland, so the two cultures are not related. While both are nomadic, the Irish Travellers are Roman Catholic and speak a language that is theirs alone. They have their own culture, customs, traditions, and language. They are noted for their musical and storytelling abilities. In times past, they travelled by horse-drawn wagon in caravans, making camp along the way. Tinsmithing, horse trading and peddling were the major sources of income in those days. Tinsmiths were so prevalent among Irish Travellers that the terms Tinker and Irish Traveller were used interchangeably. Today, Tinker is one of many names for Irish Travellers. Horses and wagons have given way to mobile homes pulled by motor vehicles. They continue their life on the road, but there are fewer places to stop and fewer places where they are welcome. Today, Irish Travellers mainly work in recycling. Changing needs of society and progress have eliminated the jobs that could support a culture on wheels. Irish Travellers are poor, undereducated, and on the receiving end of discrimination. Their life expectancy is lower than average while their infant mortality rate is higher than average. As is the case with the Romani, the Irish Travellers are seen by many as a group of immoral, ignorant criminals and con artists. People distrust their nomadic culture and their language, Shelta. Many think it's a secret language specifically developed as a tool to help the Irish Travellers trick innocent people. But this is not true. It is an old language, which has evolved with time and circumstances. Once heavily infused with Irish Gaelic, it is now infused with English. Irish Travellers have mobile homes pulled... now. | Открыть |
| 72 | After many long years of devoted and patient instruction, the doctor … able to get the boy to clothe and feed himself, recognize and utter a number of words, as well as write letters and form words. | Открыть |
| 73 | Read the texts and match them with the headings. There is one extra title. Every family needs a homemaker. Whether this is the mum or dad, or part-time from both is irrelevant. In our family, we chose the traditional role for me to stay at home, but some families choose the reverse, especially if the woman has the better-paid job. We have actually experienced both since I had to work full-time when my husband was made redundant and stayed at home for a time. The days when the person staying at home to look after the house and family was thought of as being «just a housewife» have long gone, especially now that there is a role reversal and it is sometimes the man who stays home. Nowadays there is a lot of pride in being the «homemaker». It is one of the most worthwhile careers and the rewards, although not financial, are great. The family benefits from quality time from one parent all the time. a) The perfect job b) Never bored c) Exhausting for all d) Money or time? e) A role reversal f) Free evenings | Открыть |
| 74 | Read the texts and match them with the headings. There is one extra title. So, after my first baby arrived, I felt for years that I had the perfect job. I was my own boss. I could work when I wanted and have a rest when I wanted. If I didn't feel like cleaning or doing the shopping and wanted to have a day off, that was fine. Nobody else would have to be asked to cover for me, my work could wait until I was ready to do it. Oh yes, it was hard work taking care of our home and our children and the hours were long, but the work was varied and very rewarding. In fact, being a homemaker was the perfect job for me. I was absolutely happy being a housewife and mum. Watching my children thrive, witnessing their first steps, hearing their first words and all the other milestones were worth more than any amount of money.. a) The perfect job b) Never bored c) Exhausting for all d) Money or time? e) A role reversal f) Free evenings | Открыть |
| 75 | Read the texts and match them with the headings. There is one extra title. I stayed at home until the youngest started school and then I went back to work part-time. The extra money was very helpful but I found it exhausting coping with the house and my job. What amazes me is how people cope working full-time, looking after a home and bringing up children. I am surrounded by people like this where I now live. They have big houses, new cars, fancy clothes, they refurnish every couple of years or so, take numerous holidays. But when are they actually at home to enjoy all this? From 6.30 am the cars start leaving. Kids are woken up at some early hour, then driven through busy traffic to be dropped off at the child minder. The parent then has to travel to work. What happens if there is a blip in this tight schedule? What if the child has a tantrum or the car won't start? Then in the evenings the process starts again in reverse. The kids are picked up from school where they are in an after school club, then put to bed almost as soon as they get home. Everyone is exhausted. Where is the benefit to all this? a) The perfect job b) Never bored c) Exhausting for all d) Money or time? e) A role reversal f) Free evenings | Открыть |
| 76 | Read the texts and match them with the headings. There is one extra title. «I don't know how you stay at home all day... I would be bored out of my mind», was a comment I often heard when I stayed at home. Was I bored? Never! I mastered the housework so that I wasn't a slave to it. Obviously, there was the cleaning to be done regularly but it was the sharing of the tidying up that made the difference. My family learnt to tidy up after themselves and if there was a bit of accumulated dust it would wait until the end of the week when a day was set aside for a thorough cleaning. I established a routine for the necessary chores that had to be done daily, but if they weren't completed by lunchtime, they were left until the next day. That way I had time to pursue my own interests and to spend time with the children as well. a) The perfect job b) Never bored c) Exhausting for all d) Money or time? e) A role reversal f) Free evenings | Открыть |
| 77 | Read the texts again and decide which text mentions that homemaking... was easier than combining full-time work and housework. | Открыть |
| 78 | Read the texts again and decide which text mentions that homemaking... prevented the family from having social life. | Открыть |
| 79 | Read the texts again and decide which text mentions that homemaking... helped someone to pursue his/her own interests. | Открыть |
| 80 | Read the texts again and decide which text mentions that homemaking... made someone very happy | Открыть |